Antibiotic Resistance Module
1. Introduction (part 1)
2. Introduction (part 2)
3. Trends
4. Mechanisms
5. Consequences
6. Prevention
7. Summary
8. Quiz
Your patient is a 68 year old male who has now developed fever, rigors, and painful urination. His vital signs are significant for a temperature of 101.8 degrees, heart rate of 110, respiratory rate of 16, and blood pressure of 105/60. His history is significant for emphysema, and he was treated for pneumonia one month ago with a 2 week course of levofloxacin. Because of his current symptoms, a urinalysis is obtained, which shows 50 WBCs and many bacteria. Urine culture is pending.
1. Which of the following is most appropriate?
a. Start levofloxacin and await culture results b. Start amoxicillin/clavulanate and await culture results c. Do not start any antibiotics now, wait for culture results d. Check a chest x-ray to make sure the patient's pneumonia has cleared
2. Which of the following is not an example of clinically important antibiotic resistance?
a. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus b. Penicillin resistant Streptococcus pyogenes c. Fluoroquinolone resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa d. Vancomycin resistant enterococci
3. Which of the following are NOT effective in preventing the emergence or spread of antibiotic resistant pathogens?
a. Adherence to hand hygiene b. Contact isolation during hospitalization for patients colonized with MRSA c. Avoiding the use of antibiotics for viral infections d. Treating infections for a longer duration to prevent emergence of resistance
4. Which of the following conditions should generally be treated with antibiotic therapy?
a. Streptococcal pharyngitis b. Asymptomatic urinary tract infection c. Acute bronchitis d. All of the above
True or False:
5. Rising rates of antibiotic resistance cannot be reversed by changes in antibiotic prescribing practices.
True False
6. New antibiotics are being developed at an increasing rate to combat antibiotic resistant bacteria.
7. Persons with infections caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens often have worse outcomes that those with infections caused by antibiotic-sensitive pathogens.
