Judicious Antibiotic Use in Long Term Care Facilities Program

Antibiotic Resistance: References and Useful Links

• Centers for Disease Control http://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/healthcare/ltc.htm

• Nicolle LE, Bentley DW, Garibaldi R, Neuhaus EG, Smith PW. Antimicrobial use in long-term-care facilities. SHEA Long-Term-Care Committee. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. Aug 2000;21(8):537-545.

• Viray, M., D. Linkin, J. N. Maslow, D. D. Stieritz, L. S. Carson, W. B. Bilker, and E. Lautenbach. 2005. Longitudinal trends in antimicrobial susceptibilities across long-term-care facilities: emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance. Infect. Cont. Hosp. Epidemiol. 26:56-62.

• Lautenbach E, Fishman NO, Bilker WB, et al. Risk factors for fluoroquinolone resistance in nosocomial Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae infections. Arch Intern Med 2002; 162(21):2469-77.

• Cosgrove SE, Sakoulas G, Perencevich EN, et al. Comparison of Mortality Associated with Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia: A Meta-analysis. Clin Inf Dis 2003; 36:53-59.

• Capitano B, Leshem A, Nightingale CH, et al. Cost Effect of Managing Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in a Long-Term Care Facility. JAGS 2003; 51(1):10-16.

• Ibrahim EH, Sherman G, Ward S, et al. The influence of inadequate antimicrobial treatment of bloodstream infections on patient outcomes in the ICU setting. Chest 2000; 118(1):146-155.

• Spellberg B, Powers JH, Brass EP, et al. Trends in Antimicrobial Drug Development: Implications for the Future. Clin Inf Dis 2004; 38:1279-1286.

• Loeb M, Bentley DW, Bradley S et al. Development of minimum criteria for the initiation of antibiotics in residents of long-term-care facilities: Results of a consensus conference. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 2001;22(2):120-24

• Thompson BL, Dwyer DM, Ussery XT, Denman S, Vacek P, Schwartz B. Handwashing and glove use in a long-term-care facility. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. Feb 1997;18(2):97-103.

• Seppala H et al. The Effect of Changes in the Consumption of Macrolide Antibiotics on Erythromycin Resistance in Group A Streptococci in Finland. New Eng J Med 1997; 337:441-6.

• Guillemot D, Varon E, Bernede C, et al. Reduction of antibiotic use in the community reduces the rate of colonization with Penicillin-G-Nonsusceptible Streptococcus Pneumoniae. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2005; 41:930-38.

• Stephenson J. Icelandic researchers are showing the way to bring down rates of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. JAMA. 1996;275:175.

Useful Links:

• Minnesota Antibiotic Resistance Collaborative

• CDC Get Smart Campaign